Here’s Why the Poppy Is a Symbol of Memorial Day
Updated: May 18, 2024
Memorial Day poppies appear every year and raise funds for a great cause. But what is the history behind wearing one of these red flowers?
The red poppy, or Remembrance Poppy, has been a symbol of lives lost to war since World War I (1914–1918). Also known as Memorial Day poppies, these artificial flowers actually play a big part in the history of Memorial Day. Today, sales of red poppies benefit veterans associations and fund many charities and veterans causes. They’re even worn in many of the countries that were Allied during World War I, including Great Britain, France, Belgium, Australia, New Zealand, Canada and the United States.
Like sharing Memorial Day quotes, learning the details about red poppies is important when celebrating this May observance. That’s why we’re diving into the rich history of Memorial Day poppies, along with sharing what the flower represents and where to get your own.
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When do we wear Memorial Day poppies?
In the United States, poppies are worn on Memorial Day (Monday, May 27), not Veterans Day. In most of those other Allied countries, the Memorial Day poppy is worn on and leading up to Armistice Day (also known as Remembrance Day) on Nov. 11, which is Veterans Day in the United States. In New Zealand and Australia, it’s worn on ANZAC Day (April 25), which commemorates the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps troops who served in the 1915 Gallipoli Campaign.
Why do we wear poppies on Memorial Day?
The Memorial Day poppy is worn to remember soldiers who have given their lives for their country, and honors their dedication and sacrifice. Many Americans will pin a bright-red poppy to their shirts as a sign of respect.
What is the history of the Memorial Day poppy?
The poppy as a symbol of war casualties started with a poem. In the spring of 1915, a Canadian artillery unit brigade surgeon named Lieutenant Colonel John McCrae saw bright-red poppies blooming on the war-torn fields where so many soldiers had lost their lives. The sight moved him to write the famous poem “In Flanders Fields”:
In Flanders fields the poppies blow
Between the crosses, row on row,
That mark our place; and in the sky
The larks, still bravely singing, fly
Scarce heard amid the guns below.
We are the Dead. Short days ago
We lived, felt dawn, saw sunset glow,
Loved and were loved, and now we lie,
In Flanders fields.
Take up our quarrel with the foe:
To you from failing hands we throw
The torch; be yours to hold it high.
If ye break faith with us who die
We shall not sleep, though poppies grow
In Flanders fields.
The poem was published in a London magazine and later syndicated to publications in other Allied countries, where it was seen by two women who would go on to play a role in making the poppy a symbol of Memorial Day.
Who started wearing red poppies on Memorial Day?
Two women in different countries saw the poem and were inspired in different ways. American University of Georgia professor Moïna Michael wrote a poem in 1918 in response to McCrae’s, titled “We Shall Keep Faith.” She also started wearing a red poppy in honor of the troops and came up with the idea of making and selling red poppies to raise money for veterans.
Meanwhile, in France, Anna Guérin organized large poppy drives, making and selling poppies to raise money for widows, orphans and veterans, and to fund France’s post-war restoration efforts. She championed her idea for an “Inter-Allied Poppy Day” and started Poppy Days worldwide, during which fundraising poppies were sold in many Allied countries. Poppy factories were set up, often employing disabled servicemen to make the silk and paper blooms.
Who gives out poppies on Memorial Day?
Memorial Day poppies can’t be bought. The Friday before Memorial Day (May 24 this year) is National Poppy Day. During this time, poppies are handmade by veterans as part of their therapeutic rehabilitation and distributed across the country by the American Legion Auxiliary in exchange for donations that assist disabled and hospitalized veterans. You can donate directly to the American Legion (the wartime veterans service organization) or the American Legion Auxiliary (which coordinates volunteer programs for veterans causes). Both of these groups participate in and fundraise for countless worthy community projects and charities across the United States.
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Sources:
- American Legion Auxiliary: “ALA Poppy Program”
- U.S. Department ofVeterans Affairs: “Veterans Day FAQs”
Originally Published: March 22, 2022
